Trend · rank 112 of 250

Fossil fuel supply & refining

Energy security concerns and rising power demand are sustaining investment in oil, gas and coal, while uneven refining, storage and distribution capacity determines how long fuel reaches users when imports stop.

Strategic InfrastructureEnergy, networks & climate resiliencefossillogisticsresiliencepower

Second pass: Carried forward from the first pass, where it was Fuel logistics & refining capacity; takes in Fossil fuel resurgence. Held by all three panel models.

Sensitivity and network position

Rank
112of 250
Sensitivity
11.7rank 69
Breadth
1of 20 scenarios High or above
PageRank
32.6rank 134
Eigenvector
1.0
Betweenness
14.6
Links
13trends at Moderate similarity or above
Composite
21.7

Attention over three years

How much this trend is read about on Wikipedia and searched for on Google, week by week, set against the typical trend in the list so that what moves every trend at once is taken out. 100 is this trend's own three-year average. The score measures public attention, which is not the same as the strength of the force: a trend can deepen unnoticed, and a news event can lift attention for a fortnight.

Now
96
Over a year
+21%Rising
Over three years
−11%
Peak
18515 Mar 2026
Sources
Bothagreement 0.75
Coverage
24languages · 62 nations

Trailing 4-week average. 100 is this trend’s three-year average.

By language

Wikipedia reading in each language edition where the trend’s pages are read enough to measure (24 of 28). Share is of all the readers counted.

LanguageShareNowOver a yearThree years
English43%90+8%
Russian8%165+110%
Spanish7%68+1%
German6%110+31%
Persian4%82+55%
Italian4%88+34%
French4%122+18%
Arabic3%81+20%
Chinese2%126+58%
Indonesian2%76−11%
Polish2%98+22%
Turkish2%74−29%
Portuguese2%82+10%
Bengali2%126+112%
Japanese2%102+25%
Korean1%105+9%
Ukrainian1%147+102%
Vietnamese1%95−2%
Dutch1%99+28%
Thai1%56+18%
Hindi1%125+12%
Swedish1%97+23%
Malay0%90+22%
Hebrew0%90+23%

By country

Google search interest over the three years, as a share of each country’s searching. 100 is the nation where interest is highest. The search terms are English, which favours countries that search in English.

Papua New Guinea

Qatar

Singapore

Philippines

South Korea

Oman

Nigeria

United Arab Emirates

Ghana

Canada

China

Australia

100

44

35

28

25

17

16

16

15

14

14

13

The 12 highest of 62 nations with a reading.

By region and G20 member

Attention to this trend inside each place, from Google searches made in its countries and Wikipedia reading in the languages mostly read there, averaged where both exist. Each line compares the trend with its own past in that place; the lines do not compare places.

Regions

PlaceRead fromNow90 days1 year3 yearsThree years
North AmericaGoogle in 2 countries + Wikipedia in English92−5%+9%−19%
EuropeGoogle in 9 countries + Wikipedia in German, French, Italian, Polish, Dutch, Swedish144+15%+83%+33%
ChinaGoogle in 1 country105−9%−4%−9%
Indo-PacificGoogle in 11 countries + Wikipedia in Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Indonesian, Thai, Malay101−10%+15%−1%
South AsiaGoogle in 4 countries + Wikipedia in Hindi, Bengali107−2%+28%−21%
Gulf and Middle EastGoogle in 5 countries + Wikipedia in Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Hebrew94−1%+22%−12%
AfricaGoogle in 4 countries144+20%+70%+33%
Latin America and CaribbeanGoogle in 6 countries + Wikipedia in Spanish, Portuguese91−12%+18%−21%
Russia and EurasiaGoogle in 1 country + Wikipedia in Russian, Ukrainian196+8%+169%+112%

G20 members

PlaceRead fromNow90 days1 year3 yearsThree years
ArgentinaGoogle122+1%+22%+43%
AustraliaGoogle89−34%+11%−16%
BrazilGoogle + Wikipedia in Portuguese87−13%+6%−27%
CanadaGoogle111+10%−2%+14%
ChinaGoogle105−9%−4%−9%
FranceGoogle + Wikipedia in French123−3%+64%+18%
GermanyGoogle + Wikipedia in German148+30%+86%+33%
IndiaGoogle + Wikipedia in Hindi, Bengali104+2%+20%−26%
IndonesiaGoogle + Wikipedia in Indonesian81−30%−10%−11%
ItalyGoogle + Wikipedia in Italian129+8%+60%+13%
JapanGoogle + Wikipedia in Japanese100−20%+22%+5%
South KoreaGoogle + Wikipedia in Korean113−2%+10%+21%
MexicoGoogle103+3%+34%−11%
RussiaWikipedia in Russian165+25%+110%+59%
Saudi ArabiaGoogle151+31%+80%+80%
South AfricaGoogle114−13%+9%+6%
TürkiyeGoogle + Wikipedia in Turkish89+6%−18%−7%
United KingdomGoogle101−43%+9%−2%
United StatesGoogle + Wikipedia in English89−7%+12%−23%

Relation to each scenario

A trend relates to a scenario when it changes how likely the scenario is, how hard it lands, or is itself sharply changed by it. Each score is the median of three scores given separately by the members of the model panel.

RelationScenarioFamily
5 · Very highA regional war closes a globally important sea route S03Geopolitical and security
2 · LowHybrid coercion ends in an infrastructure blackout S04Geopolitical and security
2 · LowTwo breadbasket failures trigger a food availability crisis S06Energy, climate and resources
2 · LowA verified Middle East settlement restores access S14 ↗Geopolitical and security
2 · LowCheap firm clean power becomes available at scale S15 ↗Energy, climate and resources
1 · Very lowA major disaster disables the national economic core S07Energy, climate and resources
0 · Not relatedCritical trade divides into rival blocs S01Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA global funding seizure reaches sovereign balance sheets S02Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA disputed transfer of power breaks effective government S05Geopolitical and security
0 · Not relatedAn AI deployment step causes abrupt labour displacement S08Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA cryptographic breakthrough invalidates digital trust S09Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA novel respiratory pathogen exceeds health surge capacity S10Health
0 · Not relatedA creditor agreement releases fiscal capacity S11 ↗Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA cross-regional market access compact redirects investment S12 ↗Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA great-power agreement lowers economic security barriers S13 ↗Geopolitical and security
0 · Not relatedA validated farming package raises water-efficient output S16 ↗Energy, climate and resources
0 · Not relatedAI-directed research produces a reproducible discovery step S17 ↗Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA public service platform reaches inclusive operation S18 ↗Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedAffordable preventive treatments reduce chronic illness S19 ↗Health
0 · Not relatedA live outbreak proves rapid distributed pandemic defence S20 ↗Health

Similarity = 0.3 × shared tags (Jaccard) + 0.3 × likeness of scenario profiles (cosine) + 0.3 × likeness of names and descriptions (TF-IDF cosine) + 0.1 if in the same capability domain, cut into seven levels at 0.12, 0.22, 0.33, 0.45, 0.58, 0.72. Shown at Moderate and above.

SimilarityTrendThemeRank
3 · ModerateTelecom network resilienceEnergy, networks & climate resilience35
3 · ModerateStrategic stockpiles & reservesEnergy, networks & climate resilience66
3 · ModerateElectrification of heat & industryEnergy, networks & climate resilience70
3 · ModerateDistributed powerEnergy, networks & climate resilience81
3 · ModerateWater treatment & desalinationEnergy, networks & climate resilience89
3 · ModeratePort & carrier concentrationTrade, industry & supply chains94
3 · ModerateSubsea cable & pipeline dependenceEnergy, networks & climate resilience114
3 · ModerateFirm & black-start capacityEnergy, networks & climate resilience119
3 · ModerateRenewable generation expansionEnergy, networks & climate resilience128
3 · ModerateEnergy import dependenceTrade, industry & supply chains141
3 · ModerateSatellite positioning & timing dependenceEnergy, networks & climate resilience190
3 · ModerateReliable energy access gapsEnergy, networks & climate resilience197
3 · ModerateElectric transport & charging networksEnergy, networks & climate resilience211